PURPOSE:
This study aimed to explore the effects of midwife-led Neonatal Behavioral Observation (NBO) on postpartum depression and parenting self-efficacy among first-time mothers in Japan. In a context of increasing perinatal mental health concerns and limited social support, this pilot research sought to determine whether early NBO intervention during hospitalization could improve emotional well-being and parental confidence during the postpartum period.

DISCUSSION:
Although this pilot study involved a small sample size (n = 15), preliminary findings showed that mothers in the intervention group had lower EPDS scores (M = 3.29 vs. 5.75) and higher parenting self-efficacy (KPCS: M = 32.0 vs. 27.8) at one month postpartum compared to the control group. These results suggest that NBO may help reduce postpartum distress and foster maternal confidence. This study highlights the potential of early, midwife-led interventions to address emotional challenges in new mothers in Japan, where support remains limited.

EVIDENCE WHERE RELEVANT:
Previous research from Nugent et al. (2013, 2014) demonstrated that the NBO intervention enhances parent-infant interaction and reduces postpartum depressive symptoms in first-time mothers. However, evidence remains limited in Japan. This pilot study provides preliminary data supporting the feasibility and potential impact of NBO in Japanese perinatal care settings.

KEY MESSAGE:
In Japan, where maternal isolation and low parenting confidence contribute to declining birthrates, midwife-led NBO may offer a practical and meaningful early intervention to strengthen emotional well-being and parent-infant bonding for first-time mothers. Poster session 2 (Group A)