RESEARCH PAPER
Perception and utilization of prevention of mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) services among women living with HIV
More details
Hide details
1
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
Submission date: 2020-05-31
Final revision date: 2020-08-08
Acceptance date: 2021-07-23
Publication date: 2021-09-16
Corresponding author
Chiemerigo A. Onyeneho
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Oduduwa Road, Oyo State, 200132, Ibadan, Nigeria
Eur J Midwifery 2021;5(September):41
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
Mother-to-child transmission is the major route of pediatric Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection accounting for 90% of childhood HIV infection. Poor utilization of prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV services has been shown in this situation. Hence, the study assessed the perception and utilization of PMTCT services among Women Living with HIV (WLHIV).
Methods:
A cross-sectional research design was used with a purposive sampling technique to select 182 WLHIV within reproductive age attending President’s Emergency Plan for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Relief (PEPFAR)/AIDS Prevention Initiative in Nigeria (APIN) clinic in two secondary Health facilities in Ibadan, Oyo State. A validated structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis.
Results:
The mean age of the women was 37.0±6.5 years. Majority (74.2%) of the respondents had good knowledge on PMTCT of HIV, positive perception (89%) towards PMTCT services while only 42.9% of the respondents have utilized PMTCT services during pregnancy. However, some of the challenges to use of PMTCT services identified by the respondents were stigma (16.5%), discrimination (15.4%), financial constraint (11.5%) and non-involvement of partner (8.2%). There was a significant association between level of knowledge and PMTCT services utilization (χ2=6.244, p=0.012).
Conclusions:
There is need for improvement of knowledge and perception of HIV, MTCT and PMTCT among women through counseling and antenatal education, thereby increasing PMTCT services uptake. Partner involvement, good quality PMTCT services and lack of discrimination of people living with HIV in our society should be encouraged, hence promoting the utilization of PMTCT services.
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
The authors have completed and submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest and none was reported.
FUNDING
The research work was funded solely by the researchers. No extra source of funding was received for this study.
ETHICAL APPROVAL AND INFORMED CONSENT
Ethical approval was obtained from UI/UCH Institutional Review Board. Participants’ informed consent was obtained.
DATA AVAILABILITY
The data supporting this research cannot be made available for privacy reasons.
PROVENANCE AND PEER REVIEW
Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.
REFERENCES (19)
1.
Mamudu RA. Knowledge Attitude and Practices of Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV(PMTCT) among women of Child Bearing Age, in Karu Village, Abuja, Nigeria. Master Thesis. Stellenbosch University, 2014. Accessed August 8, 2020.
https://scholar.sun.ac.za/hand...
2.
Arisegi S, Awosan KJ, Abdulsamad H, Adamu AH, Isah MB, Mora S. Knowledge and Practices Regarding Prevention of Mother-to-child Transmission of HIV among Health Workers in Primary Healthcare Centers in Sokoto, Nigeria. Int STD Res Rev. 2017;6(3):1-9. doi:10.9734/ISRR/2017/38680
5.
National AIDS and STI’s Control Programme. National guidelines for HIV prevention, treatment, and care. Nigeria Federal Ministry of Health; 2016;11-118. Accessed August 8, 2020.
https://www.researchgate.net/p...
6.
Birhane T, Assefa Tessema G, Addis Alene K, Dadi AF. Knowledge of pregnant women on mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Meket District, Northeast Ethiopia. J Pregnancy. 2015;(960830):1-6. doi:10.1155/2015/960830
7.
Falnes EF, Tylleskär T, de Paoli MM, Manongi R, Engebretsen IM. Mothers' knowledge and utilization of prevention of mother to child transmission services in northern Tanzania. J Int AIDS Soc. 2010;13(1):36. doi:10.1186/1758-2652-13-36
8.
Feyera A, Megerssa B, Legesse D, Hailemichael F. Prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV/AIDS: Service utilization and associated factors among selected public health facilities in Ethiopia. Academic Journal. 2017;8(1):1-13. doi:10.5897/MPR2017.0132
9.
Boateng D, Kwapong GD, Agyei-Baffour P. Knowledge, perception about antiretroviral therapy (ART) and prevention of mother-to-child-transmission (PMTCT) and adherence to ART among HIV positive women in the Ashanti Region, Ghana: a cross-sectional study. BMC Womens Health. 2013;13(2):1-8. doi:10.1186/1472-6874-13-2
10.
Sitohang MY. Utilization Factors of Prevention Mother to Child HIV Transmission (PMTCT) Program Among Pregnant Women. Journal of Indonesian social sciences and humanities. 2017;7(2):107-118. doi:10.14203jissh.v7i2.144
11.
Anígilájé EA, Ageda BR, Nweke NO. Barriers to uptake of prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV services among mothers of vertically infected HIV-seropositive infants in Makurdi, Nigeria. Patient Prefer Adherence. 2016;10:57-72. doi:10.2147/PPA.S87228
12.
FACT SHEET: Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT), 2016. National Agency for the Control of AIDS (NACA). Accessed February 28, 2018.
https://web.archive.org/web/20...
13.
Balogun FM, Owoaje ET. Perception about the 'Opt Out Strategy' for HIV Testing and Counselling among Pregnant Women attending Antenatal Clinic in Ibadan, Nigeria. Journal of Community Medicine and Primary Health Care. 2016;28(1):45-51. Accessed August 8, 2020.
https://www.ajol.info/index.ph...
14.
Sama CB, Feteh VF, Tindong M, Tanyi JT, Bihle NM, Angwafo FF. Prevalence of maternal HIV infection and knowledge on mother-to-child transmission of HIV and its prevention among antenatal care attendees in a rural area in northwest Cameroon. PLoS One. 2017;12(2):e0172102. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0172102
15.
Duff P, Kipp W, Wild TC, Rubaale T, Okech-Ojony J. Barriers to accessing highly active antiretroviral therapy by HIV-positive women attending an antenatal clinic in a regional hospital in western Uganda. J Int AIDS Soc. 2010;13(1):37. doi:10.1186/1758-2652-13-37
16.
Olowokere AE, Adelakun OA, Komolafe AO. Knowledge, perception, access and utilisation of HIV counselling and testing among pregnant women in rural communities of Osogbo town, Nigeria. Aust J Rural Health. 2018;26(1):33-41. doi:10.1111/ajr.12368
17.
Umeobika JC, Ezebialu IU, Ezenyeaku CT, Ikeako LC. Knowledge and perception of mother to child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus among South Eastern Nigerian pregnant women. Journal of HIV and human reproduction. 2013;1(1):15-19. Accessed August 8, 2020.
http://www.j-hhr.org/text.asp?...
18.
Ojong IN, Unachukwu SU, Ita RE. Knowledge of Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV/Aids among Women of Child Bearing Age in Secondary Health Facility in Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Nursing and Health Science. 2016;5(6):1-6. doi:10.9790/1959-0506060106
19.
LaMorte WW. Behavioural Change Model. Boston University School of Public Health; 2019. Updated September 9, 2019. Accessed August 8, 2020.
https://sphweb.bumc.bu.edu/otl...
CITATIONS (1):
1.
Factors associated with antiretroviral therapy use among pregnant women in rural and urban settings in Southern Province, Zambia: 2016–2019
Juliet Morales, Mutinta Hamahuwa, Nkumbula Moyo, Jane Mutanga, Jessica Schue, Sylvia Maunga, Philip Thuma, William Moss, Catherine Sutcliffe
Tropical Medicine & International Health