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CONFERENCE PROCEEDING
Investigated biomarkers in the development of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A scoping review of their predictive and potential diagnostic value
1
Cyprus University of Technology, Nursing, Limassol, Cyprus
2
University of West Attica, Midwifery, Athens, Greece
Eur J Midwifery 2026;10(Supplement 1):A1012
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is the most prevalent metabolic disorder during pregnancy, affecting approximately 15% of pregnancies and contributing to adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Diagnosis typically occurs between the 24th and 28th week of gestation via the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT), which presents limitations such as procedural inconvenience and variability in diagnostic criteria. In recent years, attention has shifted toward biomarkers as promising tools for early GDM detection.
OBJECTIVES:
This scoping review aims to map and synthesize current evidence on serum and plasma biomarkers linked to the onset or progression of GDM, with the goal of identifying candidates that may serve as alternatives to the OGTT.
METHODS:
Following Arksey and O’Malley’s methodological framework and the PRISMA-ScR guidelines, a systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and CINAHL was conducted to identify studies published from 2012 to 2024. Of 904 records screened, 35 met inclusion criteria and were analyzed.
RESULTS:
Several biomarkers were evaluated, including Ferritin, Follistatin-like 3 (FSTL3), Osteocalcin, microRNAs, and Irisin, with Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin (SHBG) and β-trophin showing the strongest associations with GDM. SHBG demonstrated a sensitivity of 74.07% and a specificity of 75.62%. Additionally, two studies reported significantly elevated β-trophin levels in GDM cases (p < 0.001), suggesting a link to β-cell dysfunction. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) was investigated in two studies, but the findings were conflicting.
CONCLUSIONS:
Multiple biomarkers with predictive potential for GDM have been investigated in the blood of pregnant women. Among them, SHBG and β-trophin appear most promising. Nonetheless, further validation through large-scale prospective studies is essential.
KEY MESSAGE:
Despite growing evidence on the role of biomarkers in early GDM detection, no single biomarker has yet shown adequate accuracy, consistency, and utility to replace current protocols. This underscores the need for further research to validate promising biomarkers and enable earlier, simpler, and more reliable identification of at-risk women. Poster session 4 (Group B)
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is the most prevalent metabolic disorder during pregnancy, affecting approximately 15% of pregnancies and contributing to adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Diagnosis typically occurs between the 24th and 28th week of gestation via the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT), which presents limitations such as procedural inconvenience and variability in diagnostic criteria. In recent years, attention has shifted toward biomarkers as promising tools for early GDM detection.
OBJECTIVES:
This scoping review aims to map and synthesize current evidence on serum and plasma biomarkers linked to the onset or progression of GDM, with the goal of identifying candidates that may serve as alternatives to the OGTT.
METHODS:
Following Arksey and O’Malley’s methodological framework and the PRISMA-ScR guidelines, a systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and CINAHL was conducted to identify studies published from 2012 to 2024. Of 904 records screened, 35 met inclusion criteria and were analyzed.
RESULTS:
Several biomarkers were evaluated, including Ferritin, Follistatin-like 3 (FSTL3), Osteocalcin, microRNAs, and Irisin, with Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin (SHBG) and β-trophin showing the strongest associations with GDM. SHBG demonstrated a sensitivity of 74.07% and a specificity of 75.62%. Additionally, two studies reported significantly elevated β-trophin levels in GDM cases (p < 0.001), suggesting a link to β-cell dysfunction. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) was investigated in two studies, but the findings were conflicting.
CONCLUSIONS:
Multiple biomarkers with predictive potential for GDM have been investigated in the blood of pregnant women. Among them, SHBG and β-trophin appear most promising. Nonetheless, further validation through large-scale prospective studies is essential.
KEY MESSAGE:
Despite growing evidence on the role of biomarkers in early GDM detection, no single biomarker has yet shown adequate accuracy, consistency, and utility to replace current protocols. This underscores the need for further research to validate promising biomarkers and enable earlier, simpler, and more reliable identification of at-risk women. Poster session 4 (Group B)
| eISSN: | 2585-2906 |
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